defmodule Vela.Backend.ETS.TableOwner do
  @moduledoc """
  Owns the ETS tables for a cache instance.

  ETS tables are destroyed when their owner process dies. By keeping
  a dedicated, crash-resistant process as the owner (and heir), we
  ensure the tables survive even if the backend process crashes.
  """

  use GenServer

  # ---- Public API ----

  def start_link(opts) do
    name = Keyword.fetch!(opts, :name)
    GenServer.start_link(__MODULE__, opts, name: table_owner_name(name))
  end

  @doc "Returns the name of the data ETS table for a cache."
  def data_table(cache_name), do: :"vela_data_#{cache_name}"

  @doc "Returns the name of the TTL index ETS table for a cache."
  def ttl_table(cache_name), do: :"vela_ttl_#{cache_name}"

  # ---- GenServer Callbacks ----

  @impl true
  def init(opts) do
    name = Keyword.fetch!(opts, :name)

    data_table = data_table(name)
    ttl_table = ttl_table(name)

    # :set          → each key is unique (like a hash map)
    # :public       → any process can read/write (no bottleneck)
    # read_concurrency  → optimises for many concurrent readers
    # write_concurrency → uses internal striping to allow concurrent writes
    # named_table   → accessible by name, not just the reference
    :ets.new(data_table, [
      :set,
      :public,
      :named_table,
      read_concurrency: true,
      write_concurrency: true
    ])

    # :ordered_set → entries are sorted by key
    # We key TTL entries as {expires_at, key} so a range scan
    # from {0, nil} to {now, nil} finds all expired entries cheaply.
    :ets.new(ttl_table, [
      :ordered_set,
      :public,
      :named_table,
      read_concurrency: true,
      write_concurrency: true
    ])

    # Set ourselves as the heir of both tables.
    # If we give the tables to another process and THAT process dies,
    # the tables come back to us automatically.
    :ets.setopts(data_table, {:heir, self(), :data_table})
    :ets.setopts(ttl_table, {:heir, self(), :ttl_table})

    {:ok, %{name: name, data_table: data_table, ttl_table: ttl_table}}
  end

  # Called by the VM when a table is transferred to us (heir recovery)
  @impl true
  def handle_info({:"ETS-TRANSFER", table, _from_pid, _data}, state) do
    # The backend crashed and we got the table back.
    # When the backend restarts, it will call give_table/2 to reclaim it.
    {:noreply, Map.put(state, :recovered_table, table)}
  end

  @doc """
  Called by the backend after it starts up to take ownership of the tables.
  """
  def give_tables(cache_name, new_owner_pid) do
    owner = table_owner_name(cache_name)
    GenServer.call(owner, {:give_tables, new_owner_pid})
  end

  @impl true
  def handle_call({:give_tables, new_owner_pid}, _from, state) do
    :ets.give_away(state.data_table, new_owner_pid, :data_table)
    :ets.give_away(state.ttl_table, new_owner_pid, :ttl_table)
    {:reply, :ok, state}
  end

  defp table_owner_name(cache_name), do: :"vela_table_owner_#{cache_name}"
end