% vim: sw=4 ts=4 et ft=erlang
% Nitrogen Web Framework for Erlang
% Copyright (c) 2008-2013 Rusty Klophaus
% See MIT-LICENSE for licensing information.

-module (wf_utils).
-include("wf.hrl").
-export ([
    f/1, f/2,
    guid/0, short_guid/0,
    path_search/3,
    replace/3,
    coalesce/1,
    is_process_alive/1,
    debug/0, break/0,
    get_elementbase/1, get_actionbase/1, get_validatorbase/1, replace_with_base/2,
    fast_copy_fields/2,
    indexof/2,
    replace_field/4,
    get_field/3,
    copy_fields/2,
    is_iolist_empty/1,
    has_behaviour/2,
    app_modules/1,
    ensure_loaded/1,
    write_debug/2,
    profile/3,
    pterm/1,
    pterm/2
]).

-define(COPY_TO_BASERECORD(Name, Size, Record),
    list_to_tuple([Name | lists:sublist(tuple_to_list(Record), 2, Size-1)])).

%%% FORMAT %%%

f(S) -> f(S, []).
f(S, Args) when is_binary(S) ->
	wf:to_unicode_binary(io_lib:format(S, Args));
f(S, Args) when is_list(S) ->
    wf:to_unicode_list(lists:flatten(io_lib:format(S,Args))).


%%% IDS %%%

% guid/0 - Return a guid like object.
guid() ->
    MD5 = erlang:md5(term_to_binary({node(), os:timestamp(), make_ref()})),
    MD5List = lists:nthtail(8, binary_to_list(MD5)),
    F = fun(N) -> wf:f("~2.16.0B", [N]) end,
    L = [F(N) || N <- MD5List],
    lists:flatten(L).

% short_guid/0 - Return a shorter guid like object.
short_guid() ->
    MD5 = erlang:md5(term_to_binary({node(), os:timestamp(), make_ref()})),
    MD5List = lists:nthtail(14, binary_to_list(MD5)),
    F = fun(N) -> wf:f("~2.16.0B", [N]) end,
    L = [F(N) || N <- MD5List],
    lists:flatten(L).

is_process_alive(Pid) ->
    case is_pid(Pid) of
        true -> 
            % If node(Pid) is down, rpc:call returns something other than
            % true or false.
            case rpc:call(node(Pid), erlang, is_process_alive, [Pid]) of
                true -> true;
                _ -> false
            end;
        _ -> false
    end.


%%% XPATH STYLE QUERY LOOKUPS %%%

% path_search/2 - search for part of a specified path within a list of paths.
% Partial = [atom3, atom2, atom1]
% Paths=[[atom3, atom2, atom1], [atom5, atom4...]]
% Conducts 
path_search(Partial, N, Paths) -> path_search(Partial, N, Paths, 1).
path_search(_, _, [], _) -> [];
path_search([], _, Paths, _) -> Paths;
path_search(['*'], _, Paths, _) -> Paths;
path_search(_, _, _, 10) -> [];
path_search(['*'|T], N, Paths, Pos) ->
    % We have a wildcard so everything matches. 
    % Split into two new searches.
    path_search(['*'|T], N, Paths, Pos + 1) ++ path_search(T, N, Paths, Pos + 1);

path_search([H|T], N, Paths, Pos) ->
    % Return all Paths for which H matches the Nth element.
    F = fun(Tuple) -> 
        Path = erlang:element(N, Tuple),
        (Pos =< length(Path)) andalso (H == lists:nth(Pos, Path)) 
    end,
    Paths1 = lists:filter(F, Paths),
    path_search(T, N, Paths1, Pos + 1).

%%% STRING REPLACE %%%

replace([], _, _) -> [];
replace(String, S1, S2) when is_list(String), is_list(S1), is_list(S2) ->
    Length = length(S1),
    case string:substr(String, 1, Length) of 
        S1 -> 
            S2 ++ replace(string:substr(String, Length + 1), S1, S2);
        _ -> 
            [hd(String)|replace(tl(String), S1, S2)]
    end.


%%% COALESCE %%%

coalesce([]) -> undefined;
coalesce([H]) -> H;
coalesce([undefined|T]) -> coalesce(T);
coalesce([[]|T]) -> coalesce(T);
coalesce([H|_]) -> H.

%%% BASE RECORDS %%%

get_actionbase(Term) -> ?COPY_TO_BASERECORD(actionbase, size(#actionbase{}), Term).
get_elementbase(Term) -> ?COPY_TO_BASERECORD(elementbase, size(#elementbase{}), Term).
get_validatorbase(Term) -> ?COPY_TO_BASERECORD(validatorbase, size(#validatorbase{}), Term).

replace_with_base(Base, Record) -> 
    RecordType = element(1, Record),
    BaseMiddle = tl(tuple_to_list(Base)),
    Start = size(Base) + 1,
    Len = size(Record) - Start + 1,
    RecordEnd = lists:sublist(tuple_to_list(Record), Start, Len),
    list_to_tuple([RecordType] ++ BaseMiddle ++ RecordEnd).

%%% COPY ELEMENT FIELDS %%%

-spec copy_fields(tuple(), tuple()) -> tuple().
%% @doc Copies any fields from FromElement to ToElement if the record
%% fields have EXACTLY the same name.
copy_fields(FromElement, ToElement) ->
    FromModule = element(3,FromElement),
    ToModule = element(3,ToElement),
    FromFieldList = FromModule:reflect(),
    ToFieldList = ToModule:reflect(),

    %% get tail because reflect() doesn't include first element (record tag)
    FromValueList = tl(tuple_to_list(FromElement)), 

    lists:foldl(fun({Field, Value}, NewElement) ->
        case indexof(Field, ToFieldList) of
            undefined -> NewElement;
            Index ->
                setelement(Index, NewElement, Value)
        end

    %% Here we use tl(tl( to ignore the first 2 fields from reflect()
    end, ToElement, tl(tl(lists:zip(FromFieldList,FromValueList)))).

-spec fast_copy_fields(tuple(), tuple()) -> tuple().
%% @doc This is a shortcut converter from one element to another.  It expects
%% that the element that's being copied was extended using ?WF_EXTEND (which
%% uses the `rekt` parsetransform).
%% It just uses replace_with_base to copy all fields from FromElement to ToElement, 
fast_copy_fields(FromElement, ToElement) when tuple_size(FromElement) =< tuple_size(ToElement) ->
    Mod2 = element(3, ToElement),
    New = replace_with_base(FromElement, ToElement),
    setelement(3, New, Mod2);
fast_copy_fields(FromElement, ToElement) ->
    %% Get record tag and callback module
    Tag = element(1, ToElement),
    Mod = element(3, ToElement),
    %% Get size of target tuple
    FinalSize = tuple_size(ToElement),
    %% Convert from tuple to a list
    AllFields = tuple_to_list(FromElement),
    %% and extract only the truncated number of fields (ignoring record tag and callback module - elements 1 and 3 respectively)
    [_, Type, _ | TruncFields] = lists:sublist(AllFields, FinalSize),
    %% replace tag and module in field list
    NewList = [Tag, Type, Mod | TruncFields],
    %% and convert to completed tuple
    list_to_tuple(NewList).


%%% EMPTY LIST/BINARY CHECK

-spec is_iolist_empty(iolist()) -> boolean().
%% @doc Without flattening the whole list, this will check to make sure there
%% exists *something* other than empty lists or binaries of length 0. It takes
%% a list, binary, or iolist and returns true if iolist_to_binary would end up
%% returning <<>>, but it does so by short circuiting as soon as it encounters
%% non-empty token (atom, character, tuple, etc).
is_iolist_empty([]) ->
    true;
is_iolist_empty(<<>>) ->
    true;
is_iolist_empty([[]|T]) ->
    is_iolist_empty(T);
is_iolist_empty([<<>>|T]) ->
    is_iolist_empty(T);
is_iolist_empty([ListH | T]) when is_list(ListH) ->
    case is_iolist_empty(ListH) of
        true -> is_iolist_empty(T);
        false -> false
    end;
is_iolist_empty(_) -> false.

%%% DEBUG %%%

debug() ->
    % Get all web and wf modules.
    F = fun(X) ->
        {source, Path} = lists:keyfind(source, 1, X:module_info(compile)), Path
    end,

    L =  [list_to_binary(atom_to_list(X)) || X <- erlang:loaded()],
    ModulePaths = 
    [F(wf)] ++
    [F(list_to_atom(binary_to_list(X))) || <<"web_", _/binary>>=X <- L] ++
    [F(list_to_atom(binary_to_list(X))) || <<"wf_", _/binary>>=X <- L],

    i:im(),
    i:ii(ModulePaths),

    i:iaa([break]),
    i:ib(?MODULE, break, 0).

break() -> ok.

indexof(Key, Fields) -> indexof(Key, Fields, 2).
indexof(_Key, [], _N) -> undefined;
indexof(Key, [Key|_T], N) -> N;
indexof(Key, [_|T], N) -> indexof(Key, T, N + 1).

replace_field(Key, Value, Fields, Rec) ->
	N = indexof(Key, Fields),
	setelement(N, Rec, Value).

get_field(Key, Fields, Rec) ->
	case indexof(Key, Fields) of
		undefined -> undefined;
		N -> element(N, Rec)
	end.

%% HAS BEHAVIOUR

has_behaviour(Module, Behaviour) ->
    Behaviours = get_behaviours(Module),
    lists:member(Behaviour, Behaviours).

%% Modules can have more than one behaviour, and it's perfectly legit to use
%% -behaviour or -behavior (US Spelling), which Erlang trreats them as different
%% module attributes.  This makes it tolerant of both types.
get_behaviours(Module) ->
    Attributes = try Module:module_info(attributes)
                 catch error:undef -> []
                 end,
    lists:foldl(fun(Att, Acc) ->
        case Att of
            {behavior, [B]} -> [B | Acc];
            {behaviour, [B]} -> [B | Acc];
            _ -> Acc
        end
    end, [], Attributes).

ensure_loaded(Module) ->
    wf:cache({ensure_loaded, Module}, 1000, fun() -> code:ensure_loaded(Module) end).

app_modules(App) ->
    {ok, Modules} = application:get_key(App, modules),
    Modules.

write_debug(Tag, Term) ->
    Output = wf:f("NITROGEN DEBUG: ~p~n~p~n*****************************************~n", [Tag, Term]),
    ok = file:write_file("nitrogen.debug", Output, [append]).

-define(PROFILE_FORMAT_STRING, "~p, ~p, ~p, ~p, ~p~n").

-spec profile(Tag :: any(), Fun :: fun(), To :: undefined | pid() | string()) -> any().
profile(Tag, Fun, To) ->
    Pid = self(),
    {_, StartRed} = erlang:process_info(Pid, reductions),
    {_, StartHeap} = erlang:process_info(Pid, heap_size),
    {_, StartMem} = erlang:process_info(Pid, memory),
    {Time, Res} = timer:tc(Fun),
    {_, EndRed} = erlang:process_info(Pid, reductions),
    {_, EndHeap} = erlang:process_info(Pid, heap_size),
    {_, EndMem} = erlang:process_info(Pid, memory),
    Reductions = EndRed - StartRed,
    Heap = EndHeap - StartHeap,
    Mem = EndMem - StartMem,

    Terms = [Tag, Time, Reductions, Heap, Mem],

    case To of
        undefined ->
            io:format(?PROFILE_FORMAT_STRING, Terms);
        ToPid when is_pid(ToPid) ->
            ToPid ! {profile,  Terms};
        _ ->
            Output = io_lib:format(?PROFILE_FORMAT_STRING, Terms),
            file:write_file(To, Output, [append])
    end,
    Res.

pterm(Key) ->
    persistent_term:get({nitrogen_core, Key}, undefined).

pterm(Key, Value) ->
    persistent_term:put({nitrogen_core, Key}, Value).