defmodule Image.Math do @moduledoc """ Implements math operators for images, delegating to the `Kernel` functions in the cases where the parameters do not include `t:Vix.Vips.Image.t/0`. To override the standard operations in a function or module, add `use Image.Math`. To maximise readability and clarity it is recommended that `use Image.Math` be added to only those functions that require it. ### Example defmodule MyModule do # Not recommended use Image.Math def my_function(%Vix.Vips.Image{} = image) do # Recommended use Image.Math # Increase the all bands by 20% brigher = image * 1.2 # Or adjust only green by 20% bright_green = image * [1, 1.2, 1] end end """ alias Vix.Vips.Operation alias Vix.Vips.Image, as: Vimage import Kernel, except: [+: 2, -: 1, -: 2, *: 2, /: 2, **: 2, <: 2, >: 2, ==: 2, >=: 2, <=: 2] @doc """ Guards if a given value might be reasonably interpreted as a pixel. """ defguard is_pixel(value) when is_number(value) or is_list(value) @doc false defmacro __using__(_opts) do quote do import Kernel, except: [+: 2, -: 1, -: 2, *: 2, /: 2, **: 2, <: 2, >: 2, ==: 2, >=: 2, <=: 2] import Image.Math end end @doc """ Matrix unary minues of an image or a number. """ def -a when is_struct(a, Vimage) do multiply!(a, -1) end def -a when is_number(a) do Kernel.-(a) end @doc """ Matrix addition of two images or one image and a constant or vector. Delegates to `Kernel.+/2` if none of the parameters is a `t:Vix.Vips.Image.t/0`. """ def a + b do add!(a, b) end @doc """ Matrix subtraction of two images or one image and a constant or vector. Delegates to `Kernel.-/2` if none of the parameters is a `t:Vix.Vips.Image.t/0`. """ def a - b do subtract!(a, b) end @doc """ Matrix multiplation of two images or one image and a constant or vector. Delegates to `Kernel.*/2` if none of the parameters is a `t:Vix.Vips.Image.t/0`. """ def a * b do multiply!(a, b) end @doc """ Matrix division of two images or one image and a constant or vector. Delegates to `Kernel.//2` if none of the parameters is a `t:Vix.Vips.Image.t/0`. """ def a / b do divide!(a, b) end @doc """ Matrix exponent of two images or one image and a constant or vector. Delegates to `Kernel.**/2` if none of the parameters is a `t:Vix.Vips.Image.t/0`. """ def a ** b do pow!(a, b) end @doc """ Matrix less than of two images or one image and a constant or vector. Delegates to `Kernel./2` if none of the parameters is a `t:Vix.Vips.Image.t/0`. """ def a > b do greater_than!(a, b) end @doc """ Matrix greater than or equal of two images or one image and a constant or vector. Delegates to `Kernel.>=/2` if none of the parameters is a `t:Vix.Vips.Image.t/0`. """ def a >= b do greater_than_or_equal!(a, b) end @doc """ Matrix equality of two images or one image and a constant or vector. Delegates to `Kernel.==/2` if none of the parameters is a `t:Vix.Vips.Image.t/0`. """ def a == b do equal!(a, b) end @doc """ Matrix inequality of two images or one image and a constant or vector. Delegates to `Kernel.!=/2` if none of the parameters is a `t:Vix.Vips.Image.t/0`. """ def a != b do not_equal!(a, b) end @doc """ Matrix bitwise 'and' of two images. """ def a &&& b do boolean_and!(a, b) end @doc """ Matrix bitwise 'or' of two images. """ def a ||| b do boolean_or!(a, b) end # @doc """ # Matrix bitwise 'xor' of # two images. # # """ # def a ^^^ b do # boolean_xor!(a, b) # end @doc """ Matrix bitwise 'left shift' of two images. """ def a <<< b do boolean_lshift!(a, b) end @doc """ Matrix bitwise 'right shift' of two images. """ def a >>> b do boolean_rshift!(a, b) end @spec exp(Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def exp(image) do Operation.math(image, :VIPS_OPERATION_MATH_EXP) end @spec pow(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def pow(%Vimage{} = image, %Vimage{} = image2) do Operation.math2(image, image2, :VIPS_OPERATION_MATH2_POW) end @spec pow(Vimage.t(), number()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def pow(%Vimage{} = image, value) when is_number(value) do Operation.math2_const(image, :VIPS_OPERATION_MATH2_POW, [value]) end @spec pow(number(), number()) :: {:ok, number()} def pow(a, b) when is_number(a) and is_number(b) do {:ok, Kernel.**(a, b)} end @spec cos(Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} def cos(%Vimage{} = image) do Operation.math(image, :VIPS_OPERATION_MATH_COS) end @spec cos(number()) :: {:ok, number()} def cos(other) do {:ok, :math.cos(other)} end @spec sin(Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} def sin(%Vimage{} = image) do Operation.math(image, :VIPS_OPERATION_MATH_SIN) end @spec sin(number()) :: {:ok, number()} def sin(other) do {:ok, :math.sin(other)} end @spec add(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def add(%Vimage{} = image, %Vimage{} = image2) do Operation.add(image, image2) end @spec add(Vimage.t(), number()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def add(%Vimage{} = image, value) when is_number(value) do add(image, [value]) end @spec add(Vimage.t(), [number(), ...]) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def add(%Vimage{} = image, value) when is_list(value) do Operation.linear(image, [1.0], value) end def add(value, %Vimage{} = image) when is_number(value) do add(image, value) end @spec add(number(), number()) :: {:ok, number} def add(a, b) do {:ok, Kernel.+(a, b)} end @spec subtract(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def subtract(%Vimage{} = image, %Vimage{} = image2) do Operation.subtract(image, image2) end @spec subtract(Vimage.t(), number()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def subtract(%Vimage{} = image, value) when is_number(value) do subtract(image, [value]) end @spec subtract(Vimage.t(), [number()]) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def subtract(%Vimage{} = image, value) when is_list(value) do Operation.linear(image, [1.0], Enum.map(value, &(-&1))) end @spec subtract(number(), Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def subtract(value, %Vimage{} = image) when is_number(value) do image |> multiply!(-1) |> add!(value) |> wrap(:ok) end @spec subtract(number(), number()) :: {:ok, number} def subtract(a, b) do {:ok, Kernel.-(a, b)} end @spec multiply(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def multiply(%Vimage{} = image, %Vimage{} = image2) do Operation.multiply(image, image2) end @spec multiply(Vimage.t(), number()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def multiply(%Vimage{} = image, value) when is_number(value) do multiply(image, [value]) end @spec multiply(number(), Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def multiply(value, %Vimage{} = image) when is_number(value) do multiply(image, [value]) end @spec multiply(Vimage.t(), list()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def multiply(%Vimage{} = image, value) when is_list(value) do Operation.linear(image, value, [0.0]) end @spec multiply(number(), number()) :: {:ok, number} def multiply(a, b) when is_number(a) and is_number(b) do {:ok, Kernel.*(a, b)} end @spec divide(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def divide(%Vimage{} = image, %Vimage{} = image2) do Operation.divide(image, image2) end @spec divide(Vimage.t(), number()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def divide(%Vimage{} = image, value) when is_number(value) do divide(image, [value]) end # See https://github.com/libvips/libvips/blob/master/cplusplus/VImage.cpp#L1062-L1066 @spec divide(number(), Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def divide(value, %Vimage{} = image) when is_number(value) do image |> pow!(-1.0) |> multiply(value) end @spec divide(Vimage.t(), [number()]) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def divide(%Vimage{} = image, value) when is_list(value) do Operation.linear(image, Enum.map(value, &(1.0 / &1)), [0.0]) end @spec divide(number(), number()) :: {:ok, number} def divide(a, b) do {:ok, Kernel.-(a, b)} end @spec less_than(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def less_than(%Vimage{} = image, %Vimage{} = other) do Vix.Vips.Operation.relational(image, other, :VIPS_OPERATION_RELATIONAL_LESS) end @spec less_than(Vimage.t(), Image.pixel()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def less_than(%Vimage{} = image, other) when is_pixel(other) do Vix.Vips.Operation.relational_const(image, :VIPS_OPERATION_RELATIONAL_LESS, List.wrap(other)) end @spec less_than_or_equal(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def less_than_or_equal(%Vimage{} = image, %Vimage{} = other) do Vix.Vips.Operation.relational(image, other, :VIPS_OPERATION_RELATIONAL_LESSEQ) end @spec less_than_or_equal(Vimage.t(), Image.pixel()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def less_than_or_equal(%Vimage{} = image, other) when is_pixel(other) do Vix.Vips.Operation.relational_const(image, :VIPS_OPERATION_RELATIONAL_LESSEQ, List.wrap(other)) end @spec greater_than(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def greater_than(%Vimage{} = image, %Vimage{} = other) do Vix.Vips.Operation.relational(image, other, :VIPS_OPERATION_RELATIONAL_MORE) end @spec greater_than(Vimage.t(), Image.pixel()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def greater_than(%Vimage{} = image, other) when is_pixel(other) do Vix.Vips.Operation.relational_const(image, :VIPS_OPERATION_RELATIONAL_MORE, List.wrap(other)) end @spec greater_than_or_equal(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def greater_than_or_equal(%Vimage{} = image, %Vimage{} = other) do Vix.Vips.Operation.relational(image, other, :VIPS_OPERATION_RELATIONAL_MOREEQ) end @spec greater_than_or_equal(Vimage.t(), Image.pixel()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def greater_than_or_equal(%Vimage{} = image, other) when is_pixel(other) do Vix.Vips.Operation.relational_const(image, :VIPS_OPERATION_RELATIONAL_MOREEQ, List.wrap(other)) end @spec equal(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def equal(%Vimage{} = image, %Vimage{} = other) do Vix.Vips.Operation.relational(image, other, :VIPS_OPERATION_RELATIONAL_EQUAL) end @spec equal(Vimage.t(), Image.pixel()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def equal(%Vimage{} = image, other) when is_pixel(other) do Vix.Vips.Operation.relational_const(image, :VIPS_OPERATION_RELATIONAL_EQUAL, List.wrap(other)) end @spec not_equal(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def not_equal(%Vimage{} = image, %Vimage{} = other) do Vix.Vips.Operation.relational(image, other, :VIPS_OPERATION_RELATIONAL_NOTEQ) end @spec not_equal(Vimage.t(), Image.pixel()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def not_equal(%Vimage{} = image, other) when is_pixel(other) do Vix.Vips.Operation.relational_const(image, :VIPS_OPERATION_RELATIONAL_NOTEQ, List.wrap(other)) end @spec less_than!(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t() | Image.pixel()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def less_than!(%Vimage{} = image, value) do case less_than(image, value) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec less_than!(number(), number()) :: number() | no_return() def less_than!(a, b) do Kernel.<(a, b) end @spec less_than_or_equal!(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t() | Image.pixel()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def less_than_or_equal!(%Vimage{} = image, value) do case less_than_or_equal(image, value) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec less_than_or_equal!(number(), number()) :: number() | no_return() def less_than_or_equal!(a, b) do Kernel.<=(a, b) end @spec greater_than!(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t() | Image.pixel()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def greater_than!(%Vimage{} = image, value) do case greater_than(image, value) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec greater_than!(number(), number()) :: number() | no_return() def greater_than!(a, b) do Kernel.>(a, b) end @spec greater_than_or_equal!(Vimage.t(), Image.pixel()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def greater_than_or_equal!(%Vimage{} = image, value) do case greater_than_or_equal(image, value) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec greater_than_or_equal!(number(), number()) :: number() | no_return() def greater_than_or_equal!(a, b) do Kernel.>=(a, b) end @spec equal!(Vimage.t(), Image.pixel()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def equal!(%Vimage{} = image, value) do case equal(image, value) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec equal!(number(), number()) :: number() | no_return() def equal!(a, b) do Kernel.==(a, b) end @spec not_equal!(Vimage.t(), Image.pixel()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def not_equal!(%Vimage{} = image, value) do case not_equal(image, value) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec not_equal!(number(), number()) :: number() | no_return() def not_equal!(a, b) do Kernel.!=(a, b) end @spec add!(Vimage.t(), Image.pixel() | number()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def add!(%Vimage{} = image, value) do case add(image, value) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec add!(Image.pixel() | number(), Vimage.t()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def add!(value, %Vimage{} = image) do case add(image, value) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec add!(number(), number()) :: number() | no_return() def add!(a, b) do Kernel.+(a, b) end @spec subtract!(Vimage.t(), Image.pixel()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def subtract!(%Vimage{} = image, value) do case subtract(image, value) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec subtract!(Image.pixel(), Vimage.t()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def subtract!(value, %Vimage{} = image) when is_number(value) do case subtract(value, image) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec subtract!(number(), number()) :: number() | no_return() def subtract!(a, b) do Kernel.-(a, b) end @spec multiply!(Vimage.t(), Image.pixel() | number()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def multiply!(%Vimage{} = image, value) do case multiply(image, value) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec multiply!(Image.pixel() | number(), Vimage.t()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def multiply!(value, %Vimage{} = image) do case multiply(image, value) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec multiply!(number(), number()) :: number() | no_return() def multiply!(a, b) do Kernel.*(a, b) end @spec divide!(Vimage.t(), Image.pixel()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def divide!(%Vimage{} = image, value) do case divide(image, value) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec divide!(Image.pixel(), Vimage.t()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def divide!(value, %Vimage{} = image) do case divide(value, image) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec divide!(number(), number()) :: number() | no_return() def divide!(a, b) when is_number(a) and is_number(b) do Kernel./(a, b) end @spec exp!(Vimage.t()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def exp!(image) do case exp(image) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec pow!(Vimage.t(), number()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def pow!(%Vimage{} = image, value) do case pow(image, value) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec pow!(number(), number()) :: number() | no_return() def pow!(a, b) when is_number(a) and is_number(b) do Kernel.**(a, b) end @dialyzer {:nowarn_function, {:cos!, 1}} @spec cos!(Vimage.t()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def cos!(%Vimage{} = image) do case cos(image) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @dialyzer {:nowarn_function, {:sin!, 1}} @spec sin!(Vimage.t()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def sin!(%Vimage{} = image) do case sin(image) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end ### Logical operations @spec boolean_and(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def boolean_and(%Vimage{} = image_1, %Vimage{} = image_2) do Operation.boolean(image_1, image_2, :VIPS_OPERATION_BOOLEAN_AND) end @spec boolean_and!(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def boolean_and!(%Vimage{} = image_1, %Vimage{} = image_2) do case boolean_and(image_1, image_2) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec boolean_or(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def boolean_or(%Vimage{} = image_1, %Vimage{} = image_2) do Operation.boolean(image_1, image_2, :VIPS_OPERATION_BOOLEAN_OR) end @spec boolean_or!(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def boolean_or!(%Vimage{} = image_1, %Vimage{} = image_2) do case boolean_or(image_1, image_2) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec boolean_xor(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def boolean_xor(%Vimage{} = image_1, %Vimage{} = image_2) do Operation.boolean(image_1, image_2, :VIPS_OPERATION_BOOLEAN_EOR) end @spec boolean_xor!(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def boolean_xor!(%Vimage{} = image_1, %Vimage{} = image_2) do case boolean_xor(image_1, image_2) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec boolean_lshift(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def boolean_lshift(%Vimage{} = image_1, %Vimage{} = image_2) do Operation.boolean(image_1, image_2, :VIPS_OPERATION_BOOLEAN_LSHIFT) end @spec boolean_lshift!(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def boolean_lshift!(%Vimage{} = image_1, %Vimage{} = image_2) do case boolean_lshift(image_1, image_2) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @spec boolean_rshift(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: {:ok, Vimage.t()} | {:error, Image.error_message()} def boolean_rshift(%Vimage{} = image_1, %Vimage{} = image_2) do Operation.boolean(image_1, image_2, :VIPS_OPERATION_BOOLEAN_RSHIFT) end @spec boolean_rshift!(Vimage.t(), Vimage.t()) :: Vimage.t() | no_return() def boolean_rshift!(%Vimage{} = image_1, %Vimage{} = image_2) do case boolean_rshift(image_1, image_2) do {:ok, image} -> image {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, reason end end @doc """ Return the image maximum. ### Arguments * `image` is any `t:Vix.Vips.Image.t/0`. * `options` is a keyword list of options. ### Options * `:size` is the number of maximums to find. The default is `10`. ### Returns * `{:ok, maximum, x_position, y_position}` """ @spec maxpos(Vimage.t(), Keyword.t()) :: {maximum :: float(), x_positiom :: integer(), y_position :: integer()} def maxpos(%Vimage{} = image, options \\ []) do size = Keyword.get(options, :size, 10) {:ok, {v, opts}} = Operation.max(image, size: size) {v, opts[:x], opts[:y]} end @doc """ Return the image minimum. ### Arguments * `image` is any `t:Vix.Vips.Image.t/0`. * `options` is a keyword list of options. ### Options * `:size` is the number of minimums to find. The default is `10`. ### Returns * `{:ok, minimum, x_position, y_position}` """ @spec minpos(Vimage.t(), Keyword.t()) :: {minimum :: float(), x_positiom :: integer(), y_position :: integer()} def minpos(%Vimage{} = image, options \\ []) do size = Keyword.get(options, :size, 10) {:ok, {v, opts}} = Operation.min(image, size: size) {v, opts[:x], opts[:y]} end @doc false def list_height([first | _rest] = list) when is_list(first), do: length(list) def list_height(_other), do: 0 @doc false def list_width([first | _rest]) when is_list(first), do: length(first) def list_width(list) when is_list(list), do: length(list) defp wrap(elem, atom) do {atom, elem} end end