defmodule Dicom do
  @moduledoc """
  Pure Elixir DICOM P10 parser and writer.

  Provides functions to parse DICOM Part 10 files into structured data sets
  and serialize them back. Built on Elixir's binary pattern matching for
  fast, streaming-capable parsing.

  ## Quick Start

      # Parse a DICOM file
      {:ok, data_set} = Dicom.parse_file("/path/to/image.dcm")

      # Access patient name
      patient_name = Dicom.DataSet.get(data_set, Dicom.Tag.patient_name())

      # Write back to file
      :ok = Dicom.write_file(data_set, "/path/to/output.dcm")

  ## DICOM Standard Coverage

  - PS3.5 — Data Structures and Encoding
  - PS3.6 — Data Dictionary
  - PS3.10 — Media Storage and File Format
  """

  @doc """
  Parses a DICOM P10 binary into a `Dicom.DataSet`.

  The binary must start with the 128-byte preamble followed by the "DICM"
  magic bytes, then File Meta Information and the data set.

  ## Examples

      {:ok, data_set} = Dicom.parse(binary)
      {:error, :invalid_preamble} = Dicom.parse(<<"not dicom">>)
  """
  @spec parse(binary()) :: {:ok, Dicom.DataSet.t()} | {:error, term()}
  def parse(binary) when is_binary(binary) do
    Dicom.P10.Reader.parse(binary)
  end

  @doc """
  Parses a DICOM P10 file from disk.

  ## Examples

      {:ok, data_set} = Dicom.parse_file("/path/to/image.dcm")
      {:error, :enoent} = Dicom.parse_file("/nonexistent.dcm")
  """
  @spec parse_file(Path.t()) :: {:ok, Dicom.DataSet.t()} | {:error, term()}
  def parse_file(path) do
    case File.read(path) do
      {:ok, binary} -> parse(binary)
      {:error, reason} -> {:error, reason}
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Parses a raw DICOM data set binary using the given transfer syntax UID.

  Unlike `parse/1`, this expects only the encoded data set payload used by
  DIMSE services, not a full Part 10 file with preamble and file meta.
  """
  @spec parse_data_set(binary(), String.t()) :: {:ok, Dicom.DataSet.t()} | {:error, term()}
  def parse_data_set(binary, transfer_syntax_uid)
      when is_binary(binary) and is_binary(transfer_syntax_uid) do
    Dicom.P10.Reader.parse_data_set(binary, transfer_syntax_uid)
  end

  @doc """
  Parses a DICOM P10 binary into a lazy stream of events.

  Returns an `Enumerable` that emits `Dicom.P10.Stream.Event` values as the
  binary is traversed. Use with `Enum` or `Stream` functions.

  ## Examples

      events = Dicom.stream_parse(binary)
      tags = events
             |> Stream.filter(&match?({:element, _}, &1))
             |> Enum.map(fn {:element, elem} -> elem.tag end)
  """
  @spec stream_parse(binary()) :: Enumerable.t()
  def stream_parse(binary) when is_binary(binary) do
    Dicom.P10.Stream.parse(binary)
  end

  @doc """
  Parses a DICOM P10 file into a lazy stream of events.

  Opens the file and streams events lazily. The file handle is closed
  when the stream is fully consumed or halted.

  ## Examples

      events = Dicom.stream_parse_file("/path/to/image.dcm")
      {:ok, data_set} = Dicom.P10.Stream.to_data_set(events)
  """
  @spec stream_parse_file(Path.t(), keyword()) :: Enumerable.t()
  def stream_parse_file(path, opts \\ []) do
    Dicom.P10.Stream.parse_file(path, opts)
  end

  @doc """
  Serializes a `Dicom.DataSet` to DICOM P10 binary format.
  """
  @spec write(Dicom.DataSet.t()) :: {:ok, binary()} | {:error, term()}
  def write(%Dicom.DataSet{} = data_set) do
    Dicom.P10.Writer.serialize(data_set)
  end

  @doc """
  Serializes a `Dicom.DataSet` as a raw DICOM data set using the given transfer syntax UID.

  Unlike `write/1`, this writes only the encoded data set payload used by DIMSE
  services, without Part 10 preamble or file meta information.
  """
  @spec write_data_set(Dicom.DataSet.t(), String.t()) :: {:ok, binary()} | {:error, term()}
  def write_data_set(%Dicom.DataSet{} = data_set, transfer_syntax_uid)
      when is_binary(transfer_syntax_uid) do
    Dicom.P10.Writer.serialize_data_set(data_set, transfer_syntax_uid)
  end

  @doc """
  Writes a `Dicom.DataSet` to a DICOM P10 file on disk.
  """
  @spec write_file(Dicom.DataSet.t(), Path.t()) :: :ok | {:error, term()}
  def write_file(%Dicom.DataSet{} = data_set, path) do
    with {:ok, binary} <- write(data_set) do
      File.write(path, binary)
    end
  end
end