defmodule BACnet.Protocol.BACnetError do
  @moduledoc """
  A BACnet Error is the combination of an Error Class and an Error Code that
  explains why a service request or action could not be fulfilled. It is
  transmitted inside Error APDUs and also appears inside the result(-) parameter
  of many confirmed services (Read Property, Write Property, Create Object, etc.).

  The standard defines a large but fixed set of error classes (object, property,
  resources, security, services, etc.) and, within each class, a set of codes.
  Vendors are permitted to extend the codes within the "proprietary" ranges.
  Because new codes are occasionally added in later revisions of the standard,
  robust implementations must be prepared to receive error codes they do not
  recognize and must not treat an unknown code as a protocol violation.

  Proper interpretation of these values is essential for writing client code
  that can recover gracefully from the many different failure modes that
  can occur on a real building automation network.

  ### Examples (Doc Test)

  Basic error construction:

  ```elixir
  iex> error = %BACnetError{class: :property, code: :write_access_denied}
  iex> error.class
  :property
  iex> error = %BACnetError{class: :services, code: 128}
  iex> error.code
  128
  ```

  #### CHOICE / Construction Gotchas

  - Both `class` and `code` can be atoms (from Constants) **or** raw integers for vendor extensions.
  - There is no runtime validation of the class+code pair in the struct itself (see the TODO in the module).
  - When encoding, unknown integer codes are passed through.

  ```elixir
  iex> vendor_err = %BACnetError{class: 0, code: 999}
  iex> BACnetError.valid?(vendor_err)
  true
  ```
  """

  # TODO: Validate class and code combination
  # TODO: Throw argument error in encode if not valid

  alias BACnet.Protocol.ApplicationTags
  alias BACnet.Protocol.Constants

  @typedoc """
  Represents a casual BACnet Error.

  To allow forward compatibility, each field can be an integer.
  """
  @type t :: %__MODULE__{
          class: Constants.error_class() | non_neg_integer(),
          code: Constants.error_code() | non_neg_integer()
        }

  @fields [
    :class,
    :code
  ]
  @enforce_keys @fields
  defstruct @fields

  @doc """
  Encodes a BACnet error into BACnet application tags encoding.
  """
  @spec encode(t(), Keyword.t()) ::
          {:ok, ApplicationTags.encoding_list()} | {:error, term()}
  def encode(
        %__MODULE__{} = error,
        _opts \\ []
      ) do
    params = [
      enumerated: Constants.by_name_atom(:error_class, error.class),
      enumerated: Constants.by_name_atom(:error_code, error.code)
    ]

    {:ok, params}
  end

  @doc """
  Parses a BACnet error from BACnet application tags encoding.
  """
  @spec parse(ApplicationTags.encoding_list()) ::
          {:ok, {t(), rest :: ApplicationTags.encoding_list()}}
          | {:error, term()}
  def parse(tags) when is_list(tags) do
    case tags do
      [
        {:enumerated, class},
        {:enumerated, code}
        | rest
      ] ->
        error = %__MODULE__{
          class: Constants.by_value(:error_class, class, class),
          code: Constants.by_value(:error_code, code, code)
        }

        {:ok, {error, rest}}

      _else ->
        {:error, :invalid_tags}
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Validates whether the given status flags is in form valid.

  It only validates the struct is valid as per type specification.
  """
  @spec valid?(t()) :: boolean()
  def valid?(
        %__MODULE__{
          class: class,
          code: code
        } = _t
      ) do
    (Constants.has_by_name(:error_class, class) or
       (is_integer(class) and class >= 0 and class <= 65_535)) and
      (Constants.has_by_name(:error_code, code) or
         (is_integer(code) and code >= 0 and code <= 65_535))
  end
end