ExMCP.Transport.ReliabilityWrapper (ex_mcp v0.10.0)

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Transport wrapper that adds circuit breaker protection to any MCP transport.

This module provides a transparent reliability layer that can be wrapped around any transport implementation to add circuit breaker protection, health monitoring, and retry logic without modifying the underlying transport.

Features

  • Circuit breaker protection for transport operations
  • Health monitoring integration
  • Automatic error classification
  • Transport-specific configuration
  • Transparent pass-through for unaffected operations

Usage

# Wrap an existing transport with reliability features
{:ok, transport_state} = SomeTransport.connect(opts)

reliability_opts = [
  circuit_breaker: [
    failure_threshold: 5,
    reset_timeout: 30_000
  ],
  health_check: [
    check_interval: 60_000
  ]
]

{:ok, wrapped_state} = ReliabilityWrapper.wrap(
  SomeTransport, 
  transport_state, 
  reliability_opts
)

# Use wrapped transport normally
{:ok, new_state} = ReliabilityWrapper.send_message(message, wrapped_state)

Error Classification

The wrapper automatically classifies transport errors for circuit breaker decisions:

  • Connection errors: Always count as failures
  • Transport errors: Count as failures
  • Security violations: Do not count as failures (policy issue, not transport failure)
  • Validation errors: Do not count as failures (client issue, not transport failure)
  • Timeout errors: Count as failures
  • Protocol errors: Count as failures

Summary

Types

reliability_opts()
t()

Functions

close_circuit(reliability_wrapper)

Manually closes the circuit breaker if enabled.

get_circuit_breaker_stats(reliability_wrapper)

Gets circuit breaker statistics if enabled.

get_health_status(reliability_wrapper)

Gets health check status if enabled.

open_circuit(reliability_wrapper)

Manually opens the circuit breaker if enabled.

receive_message(state, timeout)
reset_circuit(reliability_wrapper)

Resets the circuit breaker if enabled.

unwrap(state)

Unwraps the reliability wrapper to get the original transport state.

wrap(transport_module, transport_state, opts \\ [])

Wraps an existing transport with reliability features.

Types

reliability_opts()

@type reliability_opts() :: [
  circuit_breaker: keyword() | false,
  health_check: keyword() | false
]

t()

@type t() :: %ExMCP.Transport.ReliabilityWrapper{
  circuit_breaker_pid: pid() | nil,
  config: map(),
  health_check_pid: pid() | nil,
  wrapped_module: module(),
  wrapped_state: any()
}

Functions

close_circuit(reliability_wrapper)

@spec close_circuit(t()) :: :ok | {:error, :not_enabled}

Manually closes the circuit breaker if enabled.

get_circuit_breaker_stats(reliability_wrapper)

@spec get_circuit_breaker_stats(t()) :: map() | nil

Gets circuit breaker statistics if enabled.

get_health_status(reliability_wrapper)

@spec get_health_status(t()) :: map() | nil

Gets health check status if enabled.

open_circuit(reliability_wrapper)

@spec open_circuit(t()) :: :ok | {:error, :not_enabled}

Manually opens the circuit breaker if enabled.

receive_message(state, timeout)

reset_circuit(reliability_wrapper)

@spec reset_circuit(t()) :: :ok | {:error, :not_enabled}

Resets the circuit breaker if enabled.

unwrap(state)

@spec unwrap(t()) :: {module(), any()}

Unwraps the reliability wrapper to get the original transport state.

Useful for accessing transport-specific functions not part of the Transport behaviour.

wrap(transport_module, transport_state, opts \\ [])

@spec wrap(module(), any(), reliability_opts()) :: {:ok, t()} | {:error, any()}

Wraps an existing transport with reliability features.

Options

  • :circuit_breaker - Circuit breaker configuration or false to disable
  • :health_check - Health check configuration or false to disable

Circuit Breaker Options

  • :failure_threshold - Number of failures before opening (default: 5)
  • :success_threshold - Number of successes to close half-open circuit (default: 3)
  • :reset_timeout - Time before transitioning from open to half-open (default: 30_000)
  • :timeout - Operation timeout in milliseconds (default: 5_000)

Health Check Options

  • :check_interval - Interval between health checks (default: 60_000)
  • :failure_threshold - Health check failures before marking unhealthy (default: 3)
  • :recovery_threshold - Health check successes before marking healthy (default: 2)