A struct that holds the original error wrapped (chained) by an Errata error.

When an Errata error is created with a :cause (typically via the generated Errata.Error.wrap/2 macro), the original error is stored in the error's :cause field as an Errata.Cause struct. This preserves the context of the underlying failure without losing the benefits of a structured Errata error.

The struct has the following fields:

• kind - the kind of the wrapped error, one of :error, :throw, or :exit, mirroring the first argument of Exception.format/3. Defaults to :error.
• value - the wrapped error itself. This can be any term: another Errata error, a standard exception struct, or an arbitrary value such as the reason from an {:error, reason} tuple.
• stacktrace - the stacktrace captured at the point the original error was caught (typically __STACKTRACE__ from a rescue/catch clause), or nil if none was provided.

Whereas the :env field of an Errata error records where the error was wrapped, the :stacktrace of the cause records where the original error occurred.

Use Errata.cause/1 and Errata.root_cause/1 to access the wrapped value(s), and Errata.format_chain/1 to render a full cause chain for logging.