Bounded, deterministic encoding for an explicit closed value algebra.
Accepted values are nil, booleans, bounded integers, bounded binaries,
atoms, proper lists, and non-struct maps recursively containing only those
values. Floats, tuples, structs, improper lists, PIDs, ports, references, and
functions are deliberately outside the algebra and return a typed error.
Every value has a pinned domain tag and a 32-bit byte length. Containers also carry a 32-bit item count. Map entries are ordered by the complete encoded key bytes, making construction order irrelevant.