Quadratic Equation B3

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Source: algebrica.org - CC BY-NC 4.0 https://algebrica.org/exercises/quadratic-equation-b-3/ Fetched from algebrica.org test 4583; source modified 2025-03-06T18:04:27.

Solve the quadratic equations using the factorization method.

3x^2-4x-15=0

The equations is in the standard form $ax^2+bx+c=0$. First, it is essential to verify the its discriminant $\Delta = b^2 - 4ac$ is $\geq0 \quad$ to ensure the equation admits solutions in the field of real numbers. Substituting the coefficients of the equation into $\Delta$, we get:

\Delta = (-4)^2 - 4(3)(-15) = 16 + 180 = 196 \gt 0

$\Delta \gt 0$ means the equation has real solutions.


Now, we need to factorize the [polynomial]…/…/polynomials/). We must find two numbers, $r_1, r_2$ whose sum $S = r_1 + r_2$ equals $b = -4$ and whose product $P= r_1 \cdot r_2$ equals $a \cdot c = 3 \cdot -15 = -45$. We can use this simple table to find the numbers that satisfy our constraints.

\begin{array}{rrrr} & r_1 & r_2 & P & S \\\\ \hline & 5 & - 9 & -45 & -4 \\\\ & -5 & 9 & -45 & 4\\\\ \end{array}
  • The numbers $r_1, r_2$ satisfying the constraint are 5 and -9 (row 1).We can rewrite the polynomial as $ax^2 + r_{1}x + r_{2}x + c$.

The equation becomes:

3x^2 -9x + 5x - 15 = 0

Factoring common terms, we get:

\begin{align*} 3x(x-3)+5(x-3) & = 0\\[0.6em] (3x+5)(x-3) & = 0 \end{align*}

The solutions are the values of $x$ for which $3x+5 = 0$ and $x-3 = 0$.

3x+5 = 0 \to 3x=-5 \to x = -\frac{5}{3}
x-3 = 0 \to x=3

The solution to the equation is:

x = -\frac{5}{3} \quad\quad x = 3

Remember that the discriminant is crucial in determining the nature and number of solutions of quadratic equations.

  • If $b^2 - 4ac > 0$, the quadratic equation has two distinct real solutions.
S = \{x_1, x_2\} \quad x_1, x_2 \in \mathbb{R} \quad x_1 \neq x_2
  • If $b^2 - 4ac = 0$, the quadratic equation has two coincident real solutions.
S = \{x\} \quad x \in \mathbb{R} \quad x = x_1 = x_2
  • If $b^2 - 4ac = < 0$, the quadratic equation has no real solutions. Instead, it gives rise to complex solutions characterized by imaginary components.
\nexists \hspace{10px} x \in \mathbb{R}